This site introduces polymer information by former engineers.
It provides simple explanations of the characteristics, design, synthesis methods, etc. of polymers (resins).
What is a polymer?
A polymer is a substance in which monomers are repeatedly bonded through chemical reactions to form long molecular chains. Polymers include natural polymers that exist in nature and artificially synthesized polymers.
Polymers are an indispensable material in modern society, and it is expected that research and development of “biopolymers” and “recyclable polymers” that reduce the burden on the environment will continue to progress in the future.
Characteristics of polymers
- Polymers: Polymers generally have a very large molecular weight and their structure is made up of repeating units.
- Diverse properties: The physical and chemical properties vary depending on the type and structure (straight-chain, branched, mesh-like) of the polymer.
- Wide range of applications: Elasticity, strength, durability, etc. can be adjusted, so they are used for a variety of purposes.
Classification of polymers
Polymers are classified as follows:
(1) Natural polymer
Something that exists in nature.
- Cellulose (a component of plant cell walls)
- Starch (energy storage material)
- Natural rubber (obtained from the sap of rubber trees)
- Proteins (polymers made of amino acids)
(2) synthetic polymer
Artificially synthesized.
- Plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.)
- Synthetic fibers (nylon, polyester, etc.)
- Synthetic rubber (such as styrene-butadiene rubber)
Applications of polymers
Polymers are widely used in everyday life and in industry.
For example
・Plastic products (containers, pipes, home appliance parts)
・Textiles (clothing, ropes, carpets)
・Rubber products (tires, rubber bands)
・Medical field (artificial joints, drug delivery systems)
・Building materials (adhesives, waterproofing materials)
Polymerization of polymers
The formation of polymers mainly involves the following chemical reactions:：
・Addition polymerization: Double bonds of monomers are opened to form chains (e.g. polyethylene).
・Condensation polymerisation: Small molecules (such as water) are released as monomers combine (e.g. nylon).